Paperwork is the part of buying a car that most people dread. In California, a used car purchase involves smog certification, a title transfer, registration, license plates, taxes and fees. The good news is that when you buy from a licensed dealer, much of this work is handled for you. This guide from Bancroft Auto Sales in San Diego explains how each piece works so you know what to expect.
Rules and fees can change, so for the most current details, check the California DMV and the Bureau of Automotive Repair websites.
California’s Smog Check program helps reduce air pollution by making sure vehicles’ emissions systems are working properly. Many vehicles need a smog check every two years at registration renewal, and a valid smog certification is also generally required when a vehicle changes ownership.
For most used vehicle sales in California, the seller is responsible for providing a valid smog certification. A smog certificate is generally valid for 90 days from the date of the inspection for a change of ownership. When you buy from a dealer, the dealer is responsible for making sure a valid smog certificate is in place for vehicles that require one. When you buy from a private party, the seller should provide it.
Some vehicles are exempt from the change-of-ownership smog requirement. Examples commonly include older gasoline vehicles from model year 1975 and earlier, electric vehicles, and certain diesel and heavy vehicles. Newer vehicles, generally those four model years old or newer, may be exempt from the transfer smog check but pay a smog transfer fee instead. Because exemptions have specific conditions, check the DMV or Bureau of Automotive Repair for the rules that apply to a particular vehicle.
A vehicle that fails a smog check needs repairs before it can pass. This is one reason it is important that smog certification is handled before a sale is completed, so the buyer is not left with a car that cannot be registered.
The Certificate of Title, often called the pink slip, shows who legally owns a vehicle. When a vehicle is sold, ownership must be transferred to the new owner. If there is a loan on the vehicle, the lender is listed as the legal owner or lienholder until the loan is paid off.
When you buy from a dealer, the dealer collects the necessary documents and submits the transfer to the DMV. When you buy privately, the buyer and seller complete the title transfer themselves, and the seller should also notify the DMV of the transfer so they are not responsible for the vehicle afterward.
California dealers typically process registration for vehicles they sell and collect the related fees as part of the purchase. Dealers issue temporary license plates at the time of sale, so you can legally drive while the DMV processes your registration and permanent plates or registration documents are delivered.
At Bancroft Auto Sales, our vehicles are delivered fully registered with the requirements completed, which means you do not need to make a separate trip to the DMV to finish the process.
In a private sale, the buyer is usually responsible for submitting the paperwork and paying transfer fees and use tax to the DMV within the required time after purchase. Missing deadlines can lead to penalties.
The total cost of a used car in California includes more than the vehicle price. Typical items include:
From October 1, 2026, California’s CARS Act requires dealers to clearly disclose the total price of a vehicle during advertising and negotiations. Taxes and government fees are typically listed separately. Learn more in our article on the CARS Act and the 3-day right to cancel.
California requires drivers to carry at least the minimum liability insurance. You will need proof of insurance before driving your newly purchased car home. If you are financing, your lender will usually require comprehensive and collision coverage as well. Contact your insurance provider before your purchase to add the new vehicle.
Registration must be renewed every year. The DMV mails renewal notices in advance, and your notice will tell you whether a smog check is required that year. Keep your address current with the DMV so you receive notices on time.
In most California sales, providing valid smog certification is the seller’s responsibility. When you buy from a dealer, the dealer is responsible for smog certification on vehicles that require it.
A smog certificate is generally valid for 90 days for a change of ownership.
Usually not. Dealers typically submit the title and registration paperwork for you. Our vehicles are delivered fully registered.
Paperwork should not stand between you and your next car. At Bancroft Auto Sales, we handle the registration requirements so you can focus on choosing the right vehicle. Browse our used cars, start your online credit application, or contact us with any questions about the process.